What describes a prevention approach that targets all newborns regardless of risk?

What describes a prevention approach that targets all newborns regardless of risk?

• A. Selective prevention
• B. Indicated prevention
• C. Tertiary prevention
• D. Universal prevention

Answer: (D)

Universal prevention describes efforts aimed at the entire population, in this case all newborns, regardless of risk. The goal is to promote healthy development and prevent problems before they arise by providing information, screening, or services to every baby. This broad approach ensures every family has access to supports and reduces disparities, which is why it fits the idea of targeting all newborns regardless of risk. In contrast, selective prevention focuses on subgroups with higher-than-average risk (for example, babies in families with known risk factors), indicating a narrower target than universal. Indicated prevention is aimed at individuals who show early signs or symptoms of a potential problem, not everyone. Tertiary prevention deals with those who already have an established problem, aiming to reduce its impact or complications. Examples of universal prevention include universal newborn screening programs, broad parental education for all families, and universal immunization efforts.

Universal prevention describes efforts aimed at the entire population, in this case all newborns, regardless of risk. The goal is to promote healthy development and prevent problems before they arise by providing information, screening, or services to every baby. This broad approach ensures every family has access to supports and reduces disparities, which is why it fits the idea of targeting all newborns regardless of risk.

In contrast, selective prevention focuses on subgroups with higher-than-average risk (for example, babies in families with known risk factors), indicating a narrower target than universal. Indicated prevention is aimed at individuals who show early signs or symptoms of a potential problem, not everyone. Tertiary prevention deals with those who already have an established problem, aiming to reduce its impact or complications. Examples of universal prevention include universal newborn screening programs, broad parental education for all families, and universal immunization efforts.